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Here is a summary of the main traffic rules for driving in Spain:
• Driving on the right, as in most European countries.
• Speed limits: 120 km/h on highways and motorways; 90 km/h on conventional roads; 30 km/h in urban areas.
• Overtaking: signal the manoeuvre with indicators and ensure no vehicle is approaching from the opposite direction. Do not exceed speed limits and maintain an adequate safety distance.
• Mobile phones: it is prohibited to use a mobile phone while driving unless a hands-free device is used. Fines can be up to €200.
• Safety distance: minimum 1.5 metres in town; minimum 2 metres on the highway.
• Children: minors under 135 cm in height may not occupy the front seat and must always use an approved child restraint device. Restraint devices with backrests are recommended until the child reaches 150 cm.
• Lights: mandatory at all times, day and night. Dipped headlights must be on permanently. Full beam only on unlit roads with no oncoming vehicles.
• Blood alcohol level: the maximum allowed is 0.2 grams per litre of blood for all drivers. It is always best to avoid alcohol before driving.
• Helmets: mandatory for motorcycles, bicycles, and mopeds.
• Roundabouts: drive counterclockwise and yield to vehicles already inside the roundabout.
• Horn: improper use can result in fines. The horn should only be used in emergencies.
• Driving without a shirt: considered a minor infraction (up to €100 fine) due to lack of protection in case of an accident.
• Parking: parking on public roads is not always permitted or free. Many cities have regulated, paid parking areas identified by parking metres.
• Traffic signs: check the local traffic signs where you are driving, as they may differ from those in your home country.
• ACIRE zones: restricted circulation areas where only authorised vehicles with an ACIRE card are allowed.